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witwatersrand gold deposits in india


  • The Witwatersrand Basin and Its Gold Deposits: Methods …

    The source of the huge amount of gold in the Witwatersrand is thought to be the entire greenstone-dominated Archaean cratonic surface, which was subjected to …

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  • The Witwatersrand Basin and Its Gold Deposits: Methods …

    Historically, Witwatersrand-type gold deposits of South Africa ranked at the pinnacle of world gold production (Hartnady, 2009; Frimmel, 2019). In 1970, South Africa produced roughly 1000 metric ...

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  • The impact of gold mining on the Witwatersrand on the …

    The Witwatersrand has been subjected to geological exploration, mining activities, parallel industrial development and associated settlement patterns over the past century.The gold mines brought with them not only development, employment and wealth, but also the most devastating war in the history of South Africa, civil unrest, economical …

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  • Scientists Discover That 40 Percent of the World's Gold is …

    Scientists have for the first time directly dated gold from South Africa's Witwatersrand gold deposits, source of more than 40 percent of all gold so far mined on Earth. ... The Witwatersrand gold fields have yielded a half-trillion dollars' worth of gold since 1886. "Estimates are that there's another half-trillion dollars in gold still to be ...

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  • The Witwatersrand Basin and Its Gold Deposits

    10.1 Introduction. The Witwatersrand Basin near the centre of the Kaapvaal Craton (Fig. 10.1) is a domain of many superlatives and holds several world records. Foremost it has become famous for …

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  • Witwatersrand Gold FieldsGeology, Genesis, and Exploration …

    The Witwatersrand gold fields of South Africa account for more than a third of the world's total gold production since mining started there in 1886: 48,000 t Au. …

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  • Witwatersrand Gold Rush | The Famous South …

    based on 1975 customer reviews. A brief overview of the history and development of Witwatersrand, the famous gold mine of South Africa. With photos, facts, and figures about its impact on the growth of the …

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  • Witwatersrand gold-pyrite-uraninite deposits do not …

    Jonathan Law, Neil Phillips, 2006. "Witwatersrand gold-pyrite-uraninite deposits do not support a reducing Archean atmosphere", Evolution of Early Earth's Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, and Biosphere - Constraints from Ore Deposits, Stephen E. Kesler, Hiroshi Ohmoto ... Precambrian Basins of India: Stratigraphic and Tectonic …

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  • The formation of gold deposits in South Africa

    In 1852, the English prospector J.H. Davis discovered the first gold in the Witwatersrand, leading to the South African gold rush and the discovery of much more gold deposits within the basin.

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  • A Review of the Witwatersrand Basin

    The world's greatest deposit of gold is hosted by the Archaean Witwatersrand sedimentary basin, situated in the central portion of the Kaapvaal Craton of South Africa. The geological setting...

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  • An underexploited invisible gold resource in the Archean

    Given the possibility that Witwatersrand gold was derived from orogenic-type primary gold deposits in an Archean granite-greenstone hinterland, it is reasonable …

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  • Hydrothermal alteration in the Witwatersrand goldfields

    A hydrothermal model for Witwatersrand gold has recently been outlined by Phillips and Powell (2011), covering fluid and gold sources, fluid channelways, solubility of gold and related components, and viable chemical precipitation mechanisms. This model is directly analogous to the genetic model we use to explain many Archean greenstone, …

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  • Genesis of the World's Largest Gold Deposits | Science

    Almost 40% of all gold mined during recorded history has been recovered over the past 120 years from a single ore province: the Witwatersrand Basin in South Africa. Today, the gold-mining industry in the Witwatersrand has passed its maturity, but it is set to remain the world's leading gold producer. Estimated resources in the province …

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  • Gold in conglomerate | AMNH

    The conglomerates were deposited 2.4 billion years ago in river channels. The dense gold particles, eroded out of quartz veins, were concentrated by the flow of water, which carried lighter particles of rock downstream. Such deposits are known as placers. Since their discovery in 1886, the Witwatersrand deposits have yielded more than 40,000 ...

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  • Scientists Discover That 40 Percent of the World's …

    Scientists have for the first time directly dated gold from South Africa's Witwatersrand gold deposits, source of more than 40 percent of all gold so far mined on Earth. An international team of …

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  • Witwatersrand gold deposits formed by volcanic rain

    The Witwatersrand deposits are regarded as remnants of a gold megaevent at 2.9 Ga when environmental conditions are suggested to have been suitable for intense gold flux off the Archean land ...

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  • Genesis of the World's Largest Gold Deposits | Science

    A lmost 40% of all gold mined during recorded history has been recovered over the past 120 years from a single ore province: the Witwatersrand Basin in South …

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  • The impact of gold mining on the Witwatersrand on the …

    The Witwatersrand Supergroup contains more uranium than gold and the Witwatersrand gold mines are in fact also uranium mines. Uranium was originally mined as a by-product of the gold mining industry in Gauteng and the West Rand (Von Backström, 1976). South Africa also had one of the first uranium extraction plants in the world, which …

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  • The Witwatersrand Basin and Its Gold Deposits

    The Witwatersrand Basin and Its Gold Deposits. The Mesoarchaean Witwatersrand Basin represents the largest known gold anomaly and has produced more gold than any other ore province in the world. Deposition of the predominantly siliciclastic basin fill began shortly after 2985 Ma in a shallow marine environment, maybe along a passive margin to ...

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  • Gold

    The Witwatersrand Basin remains the world's largest gold resource. In 2022, the gold sector employed 93,841 people who collectively earned R28.9 billion. Gold production of 84 tonnes. At the current gold price more than half of the South African gold mining industry is …

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  • Orogenic gold and geologic time: a global synthesis

    Orogenic, or the so-called "mesothermal", gold deposits are a distinctive class of mineral deposit (e.g., Bohlke, 1982, Groves et al., 1998) that has been the source for much of world gold production.The ores are widely recognized in both Phanerozoic mobile belts and older cratonic blocks (Fig. 1).Consistent geological characteristics …

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  • 9.2.1: Native Elements- Metals, Semimetals, and Nonmetals

    The Witwatersrand Gold Deposits Figure 9.30: Very high-grade Witwatersrand gold ore. Gold occurs in many different ore deposits. The world's largest, the Witwatersrand deposit of northeastern South Africa, dominates world production. 40% of all the gold ever mined came from Witwatersrand ores. Figure 9.30 shows an …

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  • [PDF] Witwatersrand gold deposits | Semantic Scholar

    Studies of the morphology and other properties of the gold particles in the fossil placer gold deposits of the Witwatersrand provide fascinating glimpses of the conditions under which they were formed. In particular they indicate that in some areas primitive plant life on the deltas on which the gold was deposited acted not only like the legendary golden fleece …

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  • The Witwatersrand Basin and Its Gold Deposits

    The Mesoarchaean Witwatersrand Basin represents the largest known gold anomaly and has produced more gold than any other ore province in the world. Deposition of the …

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  • Discovery of the Gold in 1884 | South African History Online

    On 14 September 1886, the first large mining company on the Reef, the Witwatersrand Gold Mining Company, was formed with a total nominal capital of £3,063,000. The first crushing battery, consisting of five stamps, had been erected on the Reef in 1885 to service the Struben's excavations on the lower West Rand reef, but this was a small ...

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  • Witwatersrand gold deposits formed by volcanic rain, anoxic …

    Nature Geoscience - The Witwatersrand gold deposit is the largest in the world. Thermodynamic calculations show that such rich accumulations of gold could be linked to abundant volcanism,...

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  • What And Where Is Witwatersrand?

    5. Description. Witwatersrand is a picturesque, 35-mile long escarpment in the Guateng Province of South Africa. It has an average elevation of around 5,600 feet. The scarp, primarily formed of hard, erosion resistant quartzite sedimentary rocks, as well as banded iron-stones and marine lava deposits interspersed with relatively softer rocks ...

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  • (PDF) Gold Mineralisation within Quartz Pebble Conglomerates …

    Quartz-Pebble-Conglomerate (QPC) hosted gold deposits account for more than half of the global gold production. These conglomerates are restricted to the Archean-Proterozoic transition period and ...

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  • A Review of the Witwatersrand Basin

    Abstract. The world's greatest deposit of gold is hosted by the Archaean Witwatersrand sedimentary basin, situated in the central portion of the Kaapvaal Craton of South Africa. The geological setting of this remarkable clastic sedimentary deposit, which has yielded more than one third of all the gold ever produced on the planet, is discussed.

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  • Chapter 31: Geologic Evidence of Syngenetic Gold in the Witwatersrand …

    The Mesoarchean Witwatersrand Basin in the central Kaapvaal craton, South Africa, has been the largest gold-producing province in history. Although mining has reached a very mature state, this ore province remains the biggest regional gold anomaly in the world. Most recent research on the Witwatersrand gold deposits has focused on …

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